ApacheBench学习

ab 的全称是 ApacheBench ， 是 Apache 附带的一个小工具 ， 专门用于 HTTP Server 的 benchmark testing ， 可以同时模拟多个并发请求。一般开发人员在进行真正的压力测试之前可以使用这个工具来进行自测，从而更好地掌握性能。

 

ab的参数有：

Options are:
    -n requests     Number of requests to perform
    -c concurrency  Number of multiple requests to make
    -t timelimit    Seconds to max. wait for responses
    -p postfile     File containing data to POST
    -T content-type Content-type header for POSTing
    -v verbosity    How much troubleshooting info to print
    -w              Print out results in HTML tables
    -i              Use HEAD instead of GET
    -x attributes   String to insert as table attributes
    -y attributes   String to insert as tr attributes
    -z attributes   String to insert as td or th attributes
    -C attribute    Add cookie, eg. 'Apache=1234. (repeatable)
    -H attribute    Add Arbitrary header line, eg. 'Accept-Encoding: gzip'
                    Inserted after all normal header lines. (repeatable)
    -A attribute    Add Basic WWW Authentication, the attributes
                    are a colon separated username and password.
    -P attribute    Add Basic Proxy Authentication, the attributes
                    are a colon separated username and password.
    -X proxy:port   Proxyserver and port number to use
    -V              Print version number and exit
    -k              Use HTTP KeepAlive feature
    -d              Do not show percentiles served table.
    -S              Do not show confidence estimators and warnings.
    -g filename     Output collected data to gnuplot format file.
    -e filename     Output CSV file with percentages served
    -h              Display usage information (this message)

 

 

 

首先进入安装Apache下的bin目录，比如在我本机就是C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Apache2.2\bin，较常用的参数是n和c,运行命令和结果如下：

C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Apache2.2\bin>ab -n 10000 -c 100 http://renmai-dev.china.alibaba.com/view/attention/index/1.html
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.0.40-dev <$Revision: 1.146 $> apache-2.0
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking renmai-dev.china.alibaba.com (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Finished 10000 requests


Server Software:        Apache-Coyote/1.1
Server Hostname:        renmai-dev.china.alibaba.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /view/attention/index/1.html
Document Length:        0 bytes

Concurrency Level:      100
Time taken for tests:   17.812500 seconds
Complete requests:      10000
Failed requests:        0
Write errors:           0
Non-2xx responses:      10000
Total transferred:      10130006 bytes
HTML transferred:       0 bytes
Requests per second:    561.40 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       178.125 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.781 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          555.34 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    0   1.8      0      31
Processing:    15  176 101.5    140    1125
Waiting:       15  176 101.3    140    1125
Total:         15  177 101.5    140    1125

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%    140
  66%    156
  75%    171
  80%    171
  90%    281
  95%    421
  98%    484
  99%    609
 100%   1125 (longest request)

请注意并发数最大为1024，取值不可大于此。接下来，比较一下压力更大的情况。

 

C:\Program Files\Apache Software Foundation\Apache2.2\bin>ab -n 1000000 -c  1000  http://renmai-dev.china.alibaba.com/view/attention/index/1.html
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.0.40-dev <$Revision: 1.146 $> apache-2.0
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Copyright 2006 The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/

Benchmarking renmai-dev.china.alibaba.com (be patient)
Completed 100000 requests
Completed 200000 requests
Completed 300000 requests
Completed 400000 requests
Completed 500000 requests
Completed 600000 requests
Completed 700000 requests
Completed 800000 requests
Completed 900000 requests
Finished 1000000 requests


Server Software:        Apache-Coyote/1.1
Server Hostname:        renmai-dev.china.alibaba.com
Server Port:            80

Document Path:          /view/attention/index/1.html
Document Length:        0 bytes

Concurrency Level:      1000
Time taken for tests:   1484.622112 seconds
Complete requests:      1000000
Failed requests:        0
Write errors:           0
Non-2xx responses:      1000000
Total transferred:      1012951156 bytes
HTML transferred:       0 bytes
Requests per second:    673.57 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request:       1484.622 [ms] (mean)
Time per request:       1.485 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate:          666.30 [Kbytes/sec] received

Connection Times (ms)
              min  mean[+/-sd] median   max
Connect:        0    1  18.3      0     968
Processing:   140 1477 454.2   1421    3890
Waiting:        0  885 501.5    828    3156
Total:        140 1478 454.7   1421    3890

Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
  50%   1421
  66%   1687
  75%   1796
  80%   1859
  90%   2078
  95%   2296
  98%   2499
  99%   2734
 100%   3890 (longest request)

 可以看到，随着并发数的增多，实际性能将所有下降。

 

Apache 下载页： http://httpd.apache.org/download.cgi

更多信息： http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/programs/ab.html

       参数的中文介绍可参照: http://mayer.iteye.com/blog/176604